Analisis Karakteristik Anatomi dan Morfologi Biji pada Famili Solanaceae
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30998/edubiologia.v6i1.2150Keywords:
Anatomi dan morfologi biji, Famili Solanaceace, Jaringan tumbuhanAbstract
Famili Solanaceae merupakan kelompok tumbuhan dikotil yang memiliki nilai penting secara agronomis dan ekonomis, sebagai salah satu komoditas hortikultura utama. Morfologi dan anatomi biji berperan krusial dalam identifikasi spesies, konservasi genetik, dan optimalisasi teknik perbanyakan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkarakterisasi dan membandingkan sifat morfologi serta anatomi biji dari tiga taksa Solanum: Solanum melongena L. (terong ungu), Solanum melongena L. (terong hijau), dan Solanum carolinense (terong lalapan). Sampel biji dikoleksi dari dua lokasi di Jakarta Timur, sedangkan preparasi spesimen dan analisis mikroskopis dilakukan di Laboratorium Biologi universitas Indraprasta PGRI, Jakarta Selatan. Pendekatan deskriptif-eksperimental digunakan dengan mikroskop cahaya, dan hasil didokumentasikan melalui deskripsi visual dan naratif. Biji Solanum melongena (terong ungu) berbentuk pipih (±5 mm × ±2 mm), berwarna cokelat muda dengan permukaan kasar, serta memiliki struktur internal berupa kotiledon, hipokotil, dan radikula. Biji Solanum melongena (terong hijau) berbentuk bulat (±3 mm diameter), berwarna hijau muda, permukaan licin dan mengilap, serta mengandung kotiledon yang lebih kecil dan tebal. Biji Solanum carolinense (terong lalapan) berukuran kecil, pipih, permukaan licin, dan berwarna cokelat muda. Semua taksa menunjukkan lapisan testa yang tebal, endosperma kaya nutrisi, serta embrio berkembang baik dan menunjukkan variasi antar spesies. Temuan ini memberikan dasar untuk taksonomi, karakterisasi plasma nutfah, dan autentikasi kultivar.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Arum Arum Sanjayanti, Maya Fadhillah, Mashudi Alamsyah, Ferry Fauzi, Deni Nasir Ahmad (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
