Proteksi Citra Biometrik Sidik Jari dengan Pendekatan Kriptografi Route Cipher: Studi Eksperimen dan Analisis Ketahanan

Abstract

Biometric data security has come under intense scrutiny, particularly following a series of data breaches demonstrating that even fingerprints are vulnerable to theft. The core issue is undeniable: unlike passwords, once a fingerprint is compromised, it cannot be reset by the owner. Addressing this urgency, this study evaluates the effectiveness of the Route Cipher, a classic cryptographic method, as a defensive mechanism for fingerprint images. The concept is technically straightforward: it employs spiral transposition to scramble the data's visual structure, rendering it unrecognizable to unauthorized entities. Experiments were conducted using ten BMP-formatted fingerprint image samples. The findings reveal a dual outcome; on one hand, the algorithm proves to be exceptionally lightweight and fast, achieving an average encryption time of merely 0.015 seconds. However, in terms of cryptographic resilience, the analysis—yielding a Number of Pixels Change Rate (NPCR) of 88.56% and a Unified Average Changing Intensity (UACI) of 46.33%—indicates that the scrambling process has not yet fully met optimal security standards. In conclusion, while the Route Cipher offers remarkable time efficiency, it should not be relied upon as a standalone solution for highly sensitive data; rather, it is best implemented in conjunction with additional security layers.