STEM Biofertilizer Project for Students' Scientific Literacy and Environmental Awareness in Elementary Schools
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30998/formatif.v16i2.3120Keywords:
Scientific literacy, environmental awareness, STEM project-based learning, biofertilizerAbstract
This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of STEM project-based learning in developing elementary students' scientific literacy and environmental awareness through the creation of eco-friendly biofertilizer. The study employed a mixed-methods approach with a single group pretest–posttest design, involving 24 fourth-grade students from an elementary school in Sidoarjo, Indonesia. Quantitative data was collected through scientific literacy tests and environmental awareness questionnaires, and then analyzed using descriptive statistics and difference tests (Wilcoxon test and paired-samples t-test). Meanwhile, qualitative data was gathered through student response questionnaires and structured interviews, and analyzed using thematic analysis. The results revealed a significant improvement in both scientific literacy (Wilcoxon test: Z = -4.031, p < 0.05) and environmental awareness (paired t-test: t = -9.093, p < 0.05). The interviews and responses indicated that most students became more aware of their environment, especially in caring for plants and in understanding the differences between natural and chemical fertilizers. These findings suggest that STEM project-based learning can provide meaningful learning experiences while also positi simultaneously affecting students’ scientific literacy and environmental awareness.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Fitria Wulandari, Citra Ayu Dewi, Fika Megawati, Feri Tirtoni, Agista Kallistasania Sutejo, Amalia Dwi Lestari (Author)
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