A Network of Coastal-Based Spice Historical Tourism Destinations in Ternate City

Gabriella Rachel Limanu; Christopher Nathan; Kenny David Ariyanto; Stephanus Wirawan Dharmatanna

doi:10.30998/9htf8t11

Authors

Gabriella Rachel Limanu Author
Christopher Nathan Author
Kenny David Ariyanto Author
Stephanus Wirawan Dharmatanna Petra Christian University Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30998/9htf8t11

Keywords:

Historical Tourism, Shore, Ternate City, Tourist Destination Network, Spice History

Abstract

Ternate city had been important in history for the global spice trade along the coastal cities with a strong maritime orientation. With the existence of colonial fortresses, the Sultanate of Ternate, port region, and coastal settlement became the keys of existence between trading operations, politics, and also urban development. Despite the existence of historical buildings and fortresses, the usage of tourist destinations along the shore of the Ternate city still partial and solely focused on individual objects, not as a line of species route trade as a whole. This study aimed to identify and analyse the network of species route trading along the shore of Ternate city as a whole interconnected system. The research method used was qualitative descriptive through field observation, visual documentation, and literature study, with the focus on the linked and functional relationships between destinations. Research objects are Tolukko fortress, Kedaton Kesultanan Ternate, Ternate Sultanate Mosque, Oranje fortress, Kalamata fortress, and Kastela fortress. The results shows that between each destinations from north-south build a network along the shore, shows the distribution of species from the foothills Gamalama to the port region and global trade network. This network shows the integration between history, traditional and colonial architecture, and coastal cities which strengthens the narrative the Ternate city as a “City of Spcies”. This study serves as a conceptual framework for historical tourism based on destination network, as well as for the conservation of each building across the shore.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

[1] L. Denissa, “Pala dan Cengkeh Di antara Jejak Sejarah, Batik dan Identitas,” Humanitas (Jurnal Psikologi), vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 63–80, Apr. 2022, doi: 10.28932/humanitas.v6i1.4561.

[2] C. Spence, “Nutmeg and mace: The sweet and savoury spices,” International Journal of Gastronomy and Food Science, vol. 36, p. 100936, Jun. 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.ijgfs.2024.100936.

[3] R. Hasyim, “Masyarakat Dan Kebudayaan Ternate Dalam Perspektif Sejarah,” Jurnal GeoCivic, vol. 2, no. 2, Oct. 2019, doi: 10.33387/geocivic.v2i2.1474.

[4] w. Dirgantari And L. S. Barus, “Inovasi Pengembangan Infrastruktur Wilayah Kepulauan Maritim Di Maluku Utara (Kota Ternate-Kota Tidore Kepulauan),” Prosiding Seminar Nasional Asosiasi Sekolah Perencanaan Indonesia (ASPI) 2021, pp. 157–165, Sep. 2021.

[5] n. F. H. Adam, C. E. V. Wuisang, And J. C. Mandey, “Analisis Potensi Wisata Budaya Di Kota Ternate Dalam Upaya Pengembangan Pariwisata Perkotaan,” SPASIAL, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 780–791, 2019, doi: 10.35793/sp.v6i3.26450.

[6] M. Y. Fadhly, L. Tondobala, and S. Tilaar, “Permasalahan Pengembangan Objek Bersejarah Dalam Menunjang Wisata Kota Di Ternate,” SPASIAL, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 41–49, Aug. 2015, doi: 10.35793/sp.v2i2.9083.

[7] s. W. Dharmatanna, R. L. Soegiarto, And A. S. Rares, “Jejaring Destinasi Wisata Sejarah Di Jalur Pesisir Pantura Jawa Tengah; Studi Kasus Rembang - Lasem,” Jurnal Arsitektur Kolaborasi, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 183–194, Nov. 2025, doi: 10.54325/kolaborasi.v5i2.108.

[8] D. Wang, N. Z. B. Harun, and N. H. B. Ja`afar, “Transport-Node-Based Performance Indicators and Tourism Infrastructure Strategies in Historic Cultural Districts,” Sustainability, vol. 17, no. 23, Nov. 2025, doi: 10.3390/su172310621.

[9] A. Moazzeni Khorasgani and G. Asadi Eskandar, “Sustainable Regeneration Principles in Historic Cities Exploring Landscape Approach,” Chn. J. Urb. Environ.Stud, vol. 12, no. 02, p. 2450008, Jun. 2024, doi: 10.1142/S2345748124500088.

[10] Y. Xu, J. Rollo, D. S. Jones, Y. Esteban, H. Tong, and Q. Mu, “Towards Sustainable Heritage Tourism: A Space Syntax-Based Analysis Method to Improve Tourists’ Spatial Cognition in Chinese Historic Districts,” Buildings, vol. 10, no. 2, Feb. 2020, doi: 10.3390/buildings10020029.

[11] Y. Shao, S. (Sam) Huang, Y. Wang, Z. Li, and M. Luo, “Evolution of international tourist flows from 1995 to 2018: A network analysis perspective,” Tourism Management Perspectives, vol. 36, p. 100752, Oct. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.tmp.2020.100752.

[12] X. Lin, Z. Shen, X. Teng, and Q. Mao, “Cultural Routes as Cultural Tourism Products for Heritage Conservation and Regional Development: A Systematic Review,” Heritage, vol. 7, no. 5, pp. 2399–2425, May 2024, doi: 10.3390/heritage7050114.

[13] H. Hua and A. Wondirad, “Tourism Network in Urban Agglomerated Destinations: Implications for Sustainable Tourism Destination Development through a Critical Literature Review,” Sustainability, vol. 13, no. 1, Dec. 2020, doi: 10.3390/su13010285.

[14] M. Muslimin, R. Zainuddin, and A. Seng, “Peningkatan Performa Wisata Benteng Tolucco untuk Menarik Minat Pengunjung,” To Maega Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 1–6, 2023, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.35914/tomaega.v6i1.1250.

[15] W. Handoko, “Tata Kota Islam Ternate: Tinjauan Morfologi dan Kosmologi,” Kapata Arkeologi, vol. 11, no. 2 November, pp. 123–138, 2015, doi: 10.24832/kapata.v11i2.292.

[16] W. Handoko, “Ekspansi Kekuasaan Islam Kesultanan Ternate di Pesisir Timur Halmahera Utara,” Kapata Arkeologi, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 95–108, 2017, doi: 10.24832/kapata.v13i1.396.

[17] I. R. A. R. Musa, “Karakteristik Spasial Kawasan Kultural Kesultanan Ternate,” Spasial, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 249–258, 2018, doi: 10.35793/sp.v5i2.20848.

[18] K. A. Suwindiatrini and W. Nayati, “Perubahan Benteng Oranje di Ternate – Maluku Utara (Abad XVII-XX),” JANUS, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 60–90, Jun. 2024, doi: 10.22146/janus.11866.

[19] Y. N. H. Lukito, M. F. Alkadri, N. Adiswari, M. R. Romadona, Kusnandar, and Suryadi, “Revisiting fort heritage in Ternate, North Maluku: nostalgia, tourism, and community engagement,” Built Heritage, vol. 9, no. 1, p. 12, Apr. 2025, doi: 10.1186/s43238-025-00181-4.

[20] M. Ririmasse, “Pusaka Budaya Kawasan Pesisir: Tinjauan Arkeologis Atas Potensi Di Kepulauan Maluku,” Kalpataru, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 73–88, 2015.