Interior rumah sakit jiwa dan produksi stigma spasial: Studi kasus RSJMM Bogor berbasis healing environment dan psikologi lingkungan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30998/jd.v13i3.1821Keywords:
stigma spasial, interior psikiatri, healing environment, psikologi lingkungan, evidence-based designAbstract
Penelitian ini mengkaji bagaimana desain interior Rumah Sakit Jiwa dr. H. Marzoeki Mahdi (RSJMM) Bogor berperan dalam membentuk stigma spasial serta merumuskan strategi transformasi berbasis healing environment. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif analitik dengan strategi studi kasus, melalui observasi lapangan, dokumentasi visual, dan wawancara mendalam terhadap lima informan kunci yang dipilih secara purposive. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan thematic coding yang diinformasikan oleh prosedur grounded theory serta divalidasi melalui prinsip evidence-based design. Hasil penelitian menemukan adanya fenomena duality of spatial identity, yaitu kesenjangan spasial antara area publik yang modern-humanis dan area perawatan yang masih berkarakter kustodial. Elemen interior seperti jeruji besi, minimnya privasi, serta kualitas sensorik yang belum optimal diindikasikan berkontribusi terhadap persepsi terintimidasi, kehilangan kontrol personal, dan ketidaknyamanan psikologis pengguna. Penelitian ini menghasilkan empat strategi transformasi desain, yaitu de-institusionalisasi visual, restorasi privasi dan otonomi, integrasi biofilik, serta manajemen sensorik. Studi ini menegaskan bahwa desain interior berfungsi sebagai agen aktif dalam produksi stigma sekaligus sebagai instrumen terapeutik pada fasilitas kesehatan jiwa.
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