Efektivitas ergonomis purwarupa alat irigasi portabel lahan terasering: Sebuah studi pendekatan human-centered design
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30998/jd.v13i3.2762Keywords:
desain berpusat pada manusia, ergonomi portabel, irigasi terasering, risiko biomekanika, teknologi inklusif, REBA, antropometriAbstract
Pengangkutan air irigasi secara manual dan terus-menerus di lahan pertanian bertingkat menimbulkan risiko cedera fisik berkelanjutan akibat desain alat konvensional yang tidak ergonomis. Situasi ini mengancam keselamatan pekerja, terutama bagi kelompok rentan seperti petani perempuan dan lansia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan menguji efektivitas prototipe alat irigasi portabel bernama TIRTA guna meminimalkan beban biomekanis di lahan miring. Penelitian ini merupakan studi desain produk yang didasarkan pada metode Human-Centered Design (HCD) yang diintegrasikan dengan evaluasi ergonomis komparatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi partisipatif, penggalian keluhan, dan penyesuaian dimensi antropometrik. Kinerja prototipe dievaluasi menggunakan Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA). Hasil evaluasi komparatif pada skenario uji penuangan air menunjukkan penurunan skor risiko biomekanis dari 11 (risiko sangat tinggi dengan jerigen konvensional) menjadi 2 (risiko rendah dengan operasi selang bertenaga gravitasi TIRTA). Kesimpulannya, desain terintegrasi yang terdiri dari tangki punggung, sasis roda tunggal, dan mekanisme selang berbasis gravitasi terbukti mampu mendistribusikan beban kerja secara lebih efisien. Rekayasa fungsional TIRTA menawarkan cetak biru teknologi inklusif yang menyeimbangkan tuntutan produktivitas dengan perlindungan keselamatan fisik bagi komunitas pertanian di daerah topografi marjinal.
Downloads
References
Annas, K., Efonda, D. N., Latif, F., & Islahudin, N. (2024). Perancangan alat penyimpanan rebung ergonomis menggunakan metode reverse engineering pada UMKM pengolahan rebung. Jurnal Optimasi Teknik Industri (JOTI), 6(1), 7. https://doi.org/10.30998/joti.v6i1.22279
Apazhev, A., Egozhev, A., Misirov, M., Polishchuk, E., & Egozhev, A. (2021). Mathematical model for calculating the parameters of machines for processing near-trunk strips in a terrace. E3S Web of Conferences, 262, 01019. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126201019
Babangida, A. A., Caraballo-Arias, Y., Decataldo, F., & Violante, F. S. (2025). Advancing occupational medicine through wearable technology: a review of sensor systems for biomechanical risk assessment and work-related musculoskeletal disorder prevention. ACS Sensors, 10(8), 5410–5432. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.5c01578
Boy, G. A. (2017). Human-centered design of complex systems: An experience-based approach. Design Science, 3, e8. https://doi.org/10.1017/dsj.2017.8
Chapagain, T., & Raizada, M. N. (2017). Agronomic challenges and opportunities for smallholder terrace agriculture in developing countries. Frontiers in Plant Science, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.00331
Donisi, L., Cesarelli, G., Pisani, N., Ponsiglione, A., Ricciardi, C., & Capodaglio, E. (2022). Wearable sensors and artificial intelligence for physical ergonomics: a systematic review of literature. Diagnostics, 12(12), 3048. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12123048
Göttgens, I., & Oertelt-Prigione, S. (2021). The application of human-centered design approaches in health research and innovation: a narrative review of current practices. JMIR MHealth and UHealth, 9(12), e28102. https://doi.org/10.2196/28102
Harte, R., Glynn, L., Rodríguez-Molinero, A., Baker, P. M., Scharf, T., Quinlan, L. R., & ÓLaighin, G. (2017). A human-centered design methodology to enhance the usability, human factors, and user experience of connected health systems: a three-phase methodology. JMIR Human Factors, 4(1), e8. https://doi.org/10.2196/humanfactors.5443
Ibrahim, T. P. (2021). Usulan perancangan fasilitas kerja pada bagian assembling di PT. Red Basket Indonesia. Scientifict Journal of Industrial Engineering, 2(1), 99–108.
Iqbal, M., Uddin, S. M., Rahman, F. A., Hasan, S. S., Tahmid, M. M., & Khatun, A. (2025). Ergonomics in industrial design. SciEn Conference Series: Engineering, 3, 742–747. https://doi.org/10.38032/scse.2025.3.186
Kheder, H. A. (2023). Human-computer interaction: enhancing user experience in interactive systems. Kufa Journal of Engineering, 14(4), 23–41. https://doi.org/10.30572/2018/KJE/140403
Lebedev, S. A., Sirotyuk, E. A., Shkhapatsev, A. K., & Kravchenko, P. N. (2021). Ecological state of soils of the Republic of Adygea under high anthropogenic load. In Soils of the North Caucasus: Ecology, Management, and Protection (185–216). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/698_2021_741
Luthfi, M., Susila, D. A., & Wibowo, D. (2025). Pemanfaatan limbah veneer kayu dalam perancangan kabinet dengan motif geometris sebagai unsur hias. Jurnal Desain, 13(1), 68–85. https://doi.org/10.30998/jd.v13i1.38
Meliho, M., Khattabi, A., Nouira, A., & Orlando, C. A. (2021). Role of agricultural terraces in flood and soil erosion risks control in the high Atlas Mountains of Morocco. Earth, 2(4), 746–763. https://doi.org/10.3390/earth2040044
Moser, A., & Korstjens, I. (2022). Series: Practical guidance to qualitative research. Part 5: Co-creative qualitative approaches for emerging themes in primary care research: Experience-based co-design, user-centred design and community-based participatory research. European Journal of General Practice, 28(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1080/13814788.2021.2010700
Ripardi, R., Lestari, W., Nurhayati, K., & Murti, N. K. (2026). Peran media sosial dalam membentuk preferensi estetika dan representasi budaya lokal pada arsitektur modern. Jurnal Desain, 13(3), 693–710.
Sinambela, S. (2022). Perancangan ulang fasilitas kereta galon dengan pendekatan konsep ergonomi di PT.XYZ. Journal of Academia Perspectives, 2(2), 140–154. https://doi.org/10.30998/jap.v2i2.1123
Stanton, N. A., Salmon, P. M., Rafferty, L. A., Walker, G. H., Baber, C., & Jenkins, D. P. (2017). Human Factors Methods. CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315587394
Stefana, E., Marciano, F., Rossi, D., Cocca, P., & Tomasoni, G. (2021). Wearable devices for ergonomics: a systematic literature review. Sensors, 21(3), 777. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21030777
Sun, X., Houssin, R., Renaud, J., & Gardoni, M. (2019). A review of methodologies for integrating human factors and ergonomics in engineering design. International Journal of Production Research, 57(15–16), 4961–4976. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2018.1492161
Tzimourta, K. D. (2025). Human-centered design and development in digital health: approaches, challenges, and emerging trends. Cureus. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.85897
Windrum, P., Frenken, K., & Green, L. (2017). The importance of ergonomic design in product innovation. Lessons from the development of the portable computer. Industrial and Corporate Change, 26(6), 953–971. https://doi.org/10.1093/icc/dtx006
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Sekar Adita, Rahmawan Dwi Prasetya (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Articles published in Jurnal Desain are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0), unless otherwise indicated.
This license allows users to:
- Share: Copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format.
- Adapt: Remix, transform, and build upon the material.
These permissions apply for non-commercial purposes and are subject to the following terms:
1. Attribution (BY)
Users must give appropriate credit to the original author(s), acknowledge the article’s original publication in Jurnal Desain, provide a link to the CC BY-NC 4.0 license, and indicate if changes were made.
Attribution may be provided in any reasonable manner, but not in a way that suggests that the author(s) or Jurnal Desain endorse the user or the use of the material.
Where available, users are encouraged to include the article’s Digital Object Identifier (DOI) when citing or redistributing the work to ensure persistent identification of the Version of Record.
2. NonCommercial (NC)
The material may not be used for commercial purposes.
Commercial use refers to use that is primarily intended for or directed toward commercial advantage or monetary compensation.
Users wishing to make commercial use of material covered by the license must obtain separate permission from the relevant copyright holder(s).
3. No Additional Restrictions
Users may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from exercising any rights permitted by the license.
4. Third-Party Material
The CC BY-NC 4.0 license applies to the article unless otherwise indicated. Figures, photographs, artworks, illustrations, tables, data, or other third-party materials may be subject to separate copyright or licensing terms.
Users are responsible for determining whether separate permission is required before reusing material that is excluded from the article’s Creative Commons license.
Official License Terms
The complete terms of the license are available from the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
