Efektivitas ergonomis purwarupa alat irigasi portabel lahan terasering: Sebuah studi pendekatan human-centered design
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30998/jd.v13i3.2762Keywords:
desain berpusat pada manusia, ergonomi portabel, irigasi terasering, risiko biomekanika, teknologi inklusif, REBA, antropometriAbstract
Pengangkutan air irigasi secara manual dan terus-menerus di lahan pertanian bertingkat menimbulkan risiko cedera fisik berkelanjutan akibat desain alat konvensional yang tidak ergonomis. Situasi ini mengancam keselamatan pekerja, terutama bagi kelompok rentan seperti petani perempuan dan lansia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan menguji efektivitas prototipe alat irigasi portabel bernama TIRTA guna meminimalkan beban biomekanis di lahan miring. Penelitian ini merupakan studi desain produk yang didasarkan pada metode Human-Centered Design (HCD) yang diintegrasikan dengan evaluasi ergonomis komparatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi partisipatif, penggalian keluhan, dan penyesuaian dimensi antropometrik. Kinerja prototipe dievaluasi menggunakan Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA). Hasil evaluasi komparatif pada skenario uji penuangan air menunjukkan penurunan skor risiko biomekanis dari 11 (risiko sangat tinggi dengan jerigen konvensional) menjadi 2 (risiko rendah dengan operasi selang bertenaga gravitasi TIRTA). Kesimpulannya, desain terintegrasi yang terdiri dari tangki punggung, sasis roda tunggal, dan mekanisme selang berbasis gravitasi terbukti mampu mendistribusikan beban kerja secara lebih efisien. Rekayasa fungsional TIRTA menawarkan cetak biru teknologi inklusif yang menyeimbangkan tuntutan produktivitas dengan perlindungan keselamatan fisik bagi komunitas pertanian di daerah topografi marjinal.
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