Ketika metode mendahului desainer: Kritik ontologis atas Design Thinking dan User-Centered Design dalam perancangan DKV
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30998/jd.v13i4.3544Keywords:
Design Thinking, User-Centered Design, Ontological Designing, Reposisi Desainer, Desain Komunikasi VisualAbstract
Artikel ini bertujuan mengkaji bagaimana Design Thinking (DT) dan User-Centered Design (UCD) mengonstruksi posisi desainer ketika digunakan sebagai metode perancangan dalam lingkungan akademik Desain Komunikasi Visual (DKV). Kajian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kecenderungan penggunaan kedua metode tersebut dalam tugas akhir, laporan perancangan, dan publikasi akademik DKV, sementara asumsi ontologis yang menyertainya sering belum diperiksa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan konseptual kritis dengan desain penelitian konseptual. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan konsep ontological designing sebagai kerangka pembacaan untuk membaca DT dan UCD secara ontologis, terutama dalam memeriksa bagaimana keduanya membentuk pengertian tentang subjek, objek, relasi, proses, dan keluaran desain. Bahan utama kajian ini adalah literatur tentang metode perancangan, Design Thinking, dan User-Centered Design, sedangkan publikasi perancangan DKV ditempatkan sebagai penanda kontekstual penggunaan metode. Hasil kajian menunjukkan DT menempatkan desainer sebagai fasilitator problem-solving dalam kerangka masalah, kebutuhan, solusi, dan inovasi, sedangkan UCD menempatkan desainer sebagai mediator User-system dalam kerangka pengguna, sistem, tugas, konteks penggunaan, dan kegunaan. Hal itu menegaskan bahwa penggunaan DT dan UCD secara generik berisiko membuat metode mendahului desainer serta mereduksi metode perancangan dalam DKV ke dalam logika solusi atau kegunaan sistem. Oleh karena itu, artikel ini mengusulkan desainer DKV perlu direposisi sebagai subjek kreatif yang menjadi pusat artikulasi visual.
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